My current nonfiction read―and it's a pretty hefty one―is Jared Diamond's Collapse. Subtitled "How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed", the book details a number of failed societies, some of which weren't entirely at fault, or could be forgiven for not seeing what was coming.
The case of Norse Greenland is an interesting one. The settlement of Iceland, despite some turnarounds, was basically successful, in that most of Iceland's current population is descended from Medieval Norse, probably Norwegians. Not so, Greenland. Settlers did arrive from mainland Scandinavia, and they had ideas. But the subarctic climate and rocky soil didn't support their farming economy at all. In this and other ways they tried to keep going as if they were still in Europe, but they weren't. Inuit settlers actually got there later but their methods of hunting and their innovative kayaks gave them the advantage.
William Vollman's novel The Ice Shirt is a fictionalized account of this history. I read it a while ago. It's pretty vivid.
The case of Norse Greenland is an interesting one. The settlement of Iceland, despite some turnarounds, was basically successful, in that most of Iceland's current population is descended from Medieval Norse, probably Norwegians. Not so, Greenland. Settlers did arrive from mainland Scandinavia, and they had ideas. But the subarctic climate and rocky soil didn't support their farming economy at all. In this and other ways they tried to keep going as if they were still in Europe, but they weren't. Inuit settlers actually got there later but their methods of hunting and their innovative kayaks gave them the advantage.
William Vollman's novel The Ice Shirt is a fictionalized account of this history. I read it a while ago. It's pretty vivid.
